Pisa Cathedral
Pisa, Italy
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The tower is the cathedral's bell tower, begun in 1173. By the time the third storey went up it had started to tilt: the ground beneath is soft clay and sand, and the foundations were too shallow. Work stopped for almost a century, and when it resumed the upper storeys were built slightly curved to compensate. The tower was finished only in the 14th century.
Over the centuries the lean kept growing. In 1990 the tower closed to visitors, and engineers spent more than a decade stabilising it, carefully removing soil from under the raised side so the tower straightened a little. Since 2001 it has been open again, leaning about 4 degrees, and experts believe it will stand for centuries more.
A narrow spiral staircase of about 294 marble steps, worn down by millions of feet, leads to the top. The lean makes the climb feel odd, pressing you first against the outer wall, then the inner. Seven bells hang at the top, and the final terrace looks over the whole city, the Field of Miracles with its cathedral and baptistery, and the mountains beyond.
Climbs run in groups at the time on your ticket, about 30 minutes including time at the top. Bags go into a free cloakroom first, and you can take only a phone or camera. Children under 8 aren't allowed up.
Pisa is Galileo Galilei's home town. A well-known story says he dropped balls of different weights from the leaning tower to show they fall at the same speed. Historians doubt the experiment happened here, but the tale is so popular that every tour tells it.
Another tradition is the photo of a visitor 'holding up' or 'pushing' the tower. On the lawn in front, dozens of people stand in odd poses with outstretched arms at once, which is an amusing sight in itself. The best spots for the shot are to either side of the cathedral.
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Pisa makes an easy day trip from Florence: two or three hours cover the tower, cathedral and baptistery. Come in the morning or late in the day; midday brings the most groups and the marble gets hot in the sun. In the evening the tower is lit and the square turns quiet and beautiful.
If you'd rather not climb, the tower is free to see from outside on the open square. The cathedral, baptistery and museums are sold at the same desks, and a combined ticket is usually better value. With children under 8, only the adults climb while the rest wait on the lawn.
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| Leaning Tower of Pisayou are here | 67 | 1 h | Climb paid | — |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pisa Cathedral | 47 | 40 min | Timed ticket | 3 min walk |
| Piazza dei Miracoli | 42 | 2 h | Free | 3 min walk |
| Pisa Baptistery | 40 | 30 min | Paid | 3 min walk |
The Leaning Tower, the cathedral and the baptistery on the Field of Miracles.
3 places · about 2 h 16 min with walks · 6 min on foot in total
About 294 marble steps up a spiral staircase.
Online on the official Field of Miracles site or at the desk; climbs are timed, so book ahead in season.
From age 8; under-18s must be with an adult.
Soft ground and shallow foundations; it began to tilt during construction in the 12th century.
By train to Pisa Centrale in about an hour, then 25 minutes on foot or 10 by bus.
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